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Español1. Advanced basic materials lay the foundation for wear resistance
The excellent wear resistance of oilless thrust washer is first of all due to the careful selection of basic materials. Among many materials, special alloy steels are ideal due to their high strength and high hardness. This type of steel is integrated with a variety of alloy elements such as chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium through a special smelting process, which significantly improves the strength and hardness of the material. Under high-load conditions, oilless thrust washer made of special alloy steel can effectively withstand huge pressure, maintain structural integrity, and are not easy to deform. For example, in the main shaft of the crusher of mining machinery, the huge impact force and axial force generated during the operation of the equipment require extremely high bearing capacity of the thrust washer. Oilless thrust washer made of special alloy steel can work stably under such harsh conditions with their strong structural strength, greatly reduce the wear caused by material yielding, and ensure the continuous operation of the equipment.
High-performance engineering plastics also play an important role in the application of oilless thrust washer. High-performance engineering plastics such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyimide (PI) not only have good mechanical properties, but also have excellent self-lubrication and wear resistance. Their molecular structure is tight and orderly, which makes the surface hardness of the material high and can effectively resist the loss caused by friction. In the precision mechanical transmission system of the electronic equipment manufacturing industry, the accuracy and wear resistance of thrust washers are extremely demanding. Oilless thrust washer made of high-performance engineering plastics can ensure the high-precision operation of the equipment with their low friction coefficient and good wear resistance under high-speed operation and relatively small load, reduce the decrease in accuracy caused by wear, and extend the maintenance cycle of the equipment. Ceramic-based composite materials are also one of the high-quality materials for oilless thrust washer. Ceramic materials have the characteristics of high hardness, high temperature resistance, and good chemical stability. After being compounded with metals or polymer materials, the ceramic-based composite materials formed have the advantages of both ceramics and matrix materials. Under high temperature and high wear conditions, such as high temperature furnace equipment in the metallurgical industry, oilless thrust washer made of ceramic-based composite materials can withstand thermal stress and mechanical stress in high temperature environments. Their high-hardness surface can effectively resist the erosion and friction of materials, maintain the shape and dimensional accuracy of the washers, and provide reliable guarantees for the long-term stable operation of equipment in high temperature and harsh environments.
3. Solid lubricants improve wear resistance
On the basis of using high-quality basic materials, oilless thrust washer further improve their wear resistance by adding solid lubricants. Graphite, as a common solid lubricant, has a unique layered crystal structure. During the friction process, the layers of graphite can slide relative to each other to form an extremely thin lubricating film, which effectively reduces the friction coefficient. When the surface of the oil-free thrust washer is worn, the evenly distributed graphite particles inside will gradually be exposed, continuously providing lubrication protection for the friction interface between the washer and the shaft. In the bearing part of the industrial motor, when the motor rotates at high speed, the thrust washer is subjected to large axial force and friction. Oilless thrust washer with added graphite can significantly reduce the generation of friction heat, reduce the degree of wear, and extend the service life of the motor under such working conditions.
Molybdenum disulfide is also a solid lubricant widely used in oilless thrust washer. It has good lubrication properties and can maintain a stable lubrication effect under extreme working conditions such as high temperature and high pressure. The crystal structure of molybdenum disulfide enables it to form a strong adsorption film on the friction surface, which can not only reduce the friction coefficient, but also effectively prevent direct contact between metal surfaces and reduce the occurrence of wear. In the cooperation between the turbine shaft and the thrust washer of the aircraft engine, the working conditions are extremely harsh due to the extremely high speed of the turbine shaft and the huge centrifugal and axial forces. The oil-free thrust washer with added molybdenum disulfide can ensure the reliable operation of the engine under such harsh conditions with its excellent lubrication performance, greatly improving the engine's
4. Maintenance cycle and safety.
Boron nitride also plays an important role in improving the wear resistance of oilless thrust washer. Boron nitride has the characteristics of high hardness, low friction coefficient and good chemical stability. Adding boron nitride to oilless thrust washer can enhance the hardness of the washer surface, making it less prone to scratches and wear when subjected to high loads and high-speed friction. At the same time, boron nitride can form a lubricating film with self-repairing function during the friction process. When there is a slight damage on the washer surface, this lubricating film can quickly fill the damaged area, restore the lubrication performance of the washer, and further reduce wear. In pump equipment in the chemical industry, the pump shaft and thrust washer must not only withstand mechanical friction but also resist chemical corrosion when conveying corrosive media. Oilless thrust washer with added boron nitride can work stably under such complex working conditions with their good chemical stability and wear resistance, ensuring the normal operation of pump equipment.
An engineer [Engineer Name] who has been engaged in mechanical design and maintenance for a long time said: "The addition of solid lubricants is like putting on a layer of 'invisible armor' for oilless thrust washer. During the operation of the equipment, they continue to play a role, effectively reducing friction loss and greatly improving the wear resistance of oilless thrust washer."
5. Materials and processes work together to ensure wear-resistant quality
The excellent wear resistance of oilless thrust washer not only depends on advanced material selection, but also benefits from exquisite manufacturing processes and the synergy of materials and processes. During the manufacturing process, advanced molding processes such as powder metallurgy, injection molding, and hot pressing can ensure that the base material and solid lubricant are evenly mixed and form a dense microstructure. Taking the powder metallurgy process as an example, after the special alloy steel powder and solid lubricant powder are mixed in a certain proportion, they are pressed and sintered under high temperature and high pressure to make the particles inside the material tightly combined to form a uniform and dense structure. This structure not only improves the overall strength of the washer, but also ensures the uniform distribution of solid lubricants inside the material, so that it can be continuously released during the wear process to play a lubricating role.
Surface treatment process is also an important part of improving the wear resistance of oilless thrust washer. Through surface treatment technologies such as chemical plating, electroplating, and thermal spraying, a coating with special properties can be formed on the surface of the washer. For example, chemical nickel plating technology is used to plate a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating on the surface of the oil-free thrust washer. This coating has the advantages of high hardness, good corrosion resistance, and low friction coefficient. When the equipment is running, the coating can effectively protect the washer base material and reduce the occurrence of wear. At the same time, the low friction coefficient characteristics of the coating further reduce the friction resistance between the washer and the shaft, and improve the operating efficiency of the equipment.
In addition, the coordinated optimization of materials and processes is also reflected in the targeted design of different working conditions. According to the operating conditions of the equipment, such as load size, speed, operating temperature, environmental medium and other factors, select appropriate base materials, solid lubricants and manufacturing processes to achieve precise matching of the performance of oilless thrust washer. Under high-load and low-speed conditions, high-strength special alloy steel is selected as the base material, and high-load-carrying solid lubricants are added. At the same time, hot pressing molding process is adopted to ensure that the gasket has sufficient strength and wear resistance. Under high-speed and light-load conditions, high-performance engineering plastics are selected as the base material, and solid lubricants with low friction coefficients are added. Oilless thrust washer with high precision, light weight and good wear resistance are manufactured through injection molding.
The excellent wear resistance of oilless thrust washer has made them widely used in many industries, bringing significant benefits to industrial production.
In the automobile manufacturing industry, the application of oilless thrust washer in key components such as engines and transmissions has effectively improved the performance and reliability of automobiles. In the engine, the oilless thrust washer in the crankshaft and camshaft parts, with their excellent wear resistance, can work stably, reduce wear, improve the power output efficiency of the engine, and reduce fuel consumption when the engine is running at high speed and under huge axial force. In the transmission, the application of oilless thrust washer makes gear shifting smoother, reduces the gear shift jamming caused by wear, improves the driving experience, and at the same time extends the service life of the transmission and reduces the maintenance cost of the car.
In emerging industries such as new energy vehicles, high-end equipment manufacturing, aerospace, etc., the high performance advantages of oilless thrust washer are in line with the strict requirements of these industries for lightweight, efficient and high reliability of parts. In the motors and reducers of new energy vehicles, the application of oilless thrust washer helps to improve the efficiency and reliability of motors and extend the battery life. In the field of aerospace, the lightweight design and excellent wear resistance of oilless thrust washer provide important support for the performance improvement and safe operation of aircraft, reduce the weight of aircraft, and improve fuel economy and flight safety.
